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| import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib
import math
import random
matplotlib.rcParams['font.family'] = 'STSong'
np.set_printoptions(linewidth=400)
np.set_printoptions(threshold=np.inf)
"""
data.txt数据载入
-----------------
重庆,106.54,29.59
拉萨,91.11,29.97
乌鲁木齐,87.68,43.77
银川,106.27,38.47
呼和浩特,111.65,40.82
南宁,108.33,22.84
哈尔滨,126.63,45.75
长春,125.35,43.88
沈阳,123.38,41.8
石家庄,114.48,38.03
太原,112.53,37.87
西宁,101.74,36.56
济南,117,36.65
郑州,113.6,34.76
南京,118.78,32.04
合肥,117.27,31.86
杭州,120.19,30.26
福州,119.3,26.08
南昌,115.89,28.68
长沙,113,28.21
武汉,114.31,30.52
广州,113.23,23.16
台北,121.5,25.05
海口,110.35,20.02
兰州,103.73,36.03
西安,108.95,34.27
成都,104.06,30.67
贵阳,106.71,26.57
昆明,102.73,25.04
香港,114.1,22.2
澳门,113.33,22.13
"""
city_name = []
city_condition = []
with open('data.txt','r',encoding='UTF-8') as f:
lines = f.readlines()
for line in lines:
line = line.split('\n')[0]
line = line.split(',')
city_name.append(line[0])
city_condition.append([float(line[1]), float(line[2])])
city_condition = np.array(city_condition)
"""
地图展示
"""
def map_show():
fig = plt.figure()
ax1 = fig.add_subplot()
ax1.set_title('城市分布图')
for i in range(city_count):
plt.annotate(i+1,xy=(city_condition[i][0], city_condition[i][1]), xytext=(city_condition[i][0] + 0.3, city_condition[i][1] + 0.3))
plt.scatter(city_condition[:, 0], city_condition[:, 1])
plt.xlabel('经度')
plt.ylabel('纬度')
plt.show()
"""
距离矩阵和总距离的计算
"""
city_count = len(city_name)
Distance = np.zeros((city_count+1, city_count+1))
for i in range(1,city_count+1):
for j in range(1,city_count+1):
Distance[i][j] = math.sqrt((city_condition[i-1][0] - city_condition[j-1][0]) ** 2 + (city_condition[i-1][1] - city_condition[j-1][1]) ** 2)
def get_total_distance(path_new):
distance = 0
for i in range(city_count-1):
distance += Distance[int(path_new[i])][int(path_new[i+1])]
distance += Distance[int(path_new[-1])][int(path_new[0])]
return distance
"""
全局参数设计
1.禁忌表长度设置
2.候选集长度设置
3.迭代次数的设置
"""
tabu_limit = 100
tabu_list = []
del_list = []
candidate_length = 200
candidate = np.zeros((candidate_length,city_count))
candidate_distance = np.zeros(candidate_length)
iteration = 200
distance_best = []
"""
用贪婪算法求出初始解
"""
def greedy():
i = 1
n = city_count
j = 0
distance_sum = 0
s = []
s.append(1)
while True:
k = 1
Detemp = 99000
while True:
flag = 0
if k in s:
flag = 1
if (flag == 0) and Distance[k][s[i-1]]<Detemp:
j = k
Detemp = Distance[k][s[i-1]]
k += 1
if k > n:
break
s.append(j)
i += 1
distance_sum += Detemp
if i >= n:
break
return s
"""
核心思想
1.创建一张禁忌表，设置禁忌表的长度。
2.设置候选集合的长度。
3.设置迭代次数。
4.用贪心算法求出当前最优路径和当前最优值，分别赋值给当前路径和当前值。
"""
"""
为什么要设置禁忌表？防止循环搜索
为什么要解禁呢？比当前解好但是呢，却被禁忌了。
"""
"""
变异操作
"""
def exchange(index1,index2,arr):
current_list = arr.copy()
current_list[index1] = arr[index2]
current_list[index2] = arr[index1]
return current_list
"""
领域操作，产生200个候选值
"""
def get_candidate(p):
exchange_position = []
i = 0
while i < candidate_length:
current = random.sample(range(0,city_count),2)
if current not in exchange_position:
exchange_position.append(current)
candidate[i] = exchange(current[0],current[1],p)
candidate_distance[i] = get_total_distance(candidate[i])
i += 1
return candidate,candidate_distance,exchange_position
"""
禁忌表操作，首先根据领域找到候选集中适应度高的参数，对最优值和当前值操作，迭代
"""
def main():
global candidate,candidate_distance,exchange_position,del_list
global value_best,value_current,path_best,path_current_
path_current = greedy()
value_best = 9900
for rt in range(iteration):
candidate,candidate_distance,exchange_position = get_candidate(path_current)
min_index = np.argmin(candidate_distance)
if exchange_position[min_index] not in tabu_list:
if candidate_distance[min_index] < value_best:
value_best = candidate_distance[min_index]
path_best = candidate[min_index].copy()
path_current = candidate[min_index].copy()
value_current = candidate_distance[min_index]
tabu_list.append(exchange_position[min_index])
distance_best.append(value_best)
else:
path_current = candidate[min_index].copy()
value_current = candidate_distance[min_index]
tabu_list.append(exchange_position[min_index])
distance_best.append(value_best)
else:
if candidate_distance[min_index] < value_best:
c = tabu_list.index(exchange_position[min_index])
del_list.append(tabu_list[tabu_list.index(exchange_position[min_index])])
del tabu_list[tabu_list.index(exchange_position[min_index])]
value_best = candidate_distance[min_index]
path_best = candidate[min_index].copy()
path_current = candidate[min_index].copy()
value_current = candidate_distance[min_index]
distance_best.append(value_best)
else:
candidate_distance[min_index] = 99000
b = True
while b :
min_index = np.argmin(candidate_distance)
if exchange_position[min_index] not in tabu_list:
b = False
else:
candidate_distance[min_index] = 99000
path_current = candidate[min_index].copy()
value_current = candidate_distance[min_index]
tabu_list.append(exchange_position[min_index])
distance_best.append(value_best)
if len(tabu_list) > tabu_limit:
del tabu_list[0]
print("禁忌搜索算法解决tsp问题")
print("当前路径：", path_current)
print("当前值", value_current)
print("全局最优值为：", value_best)
print("全局最优路径：", path_best)
draw(distance_best,path_best)
def draw(distance_best,path_best):
map_show()
fig = plt.figure()
ax3 = fig.add_subplot()
ax3.set_title('距离迭代图')
plt.plot(np.array(distance_best))
plt.xlabel('迭代次数')
plt.ylabel('距离值')
plt.show()
fig = plt.figure()
ax2 = fig.add_subplot()
ax2.set_title('最佳路线图')
x = []
y = []
path = []
for i in range(city_count):
x.append(city_condition[int(path_best[i])- 1][0])
y.append(city_condition[int(path_best[i])- 1][1])
path.append(int(path_best[i]))
x.append(x[0])
y.append(y[0])
path.append(path[0])
for i in range(len(x)):
plt.annotate(path[i], xy=(x[i], y[i]), xytext=(x[i] + 0.3, y[i] + 0.3))
plt.plot(x, y,'-o')
plt.show()
if __name__ =="__main__":
main()
|